2,837 research outputs found
Dynamics of Triangulations
We study a few problems related to Markov processes of flipping
triangulations of the sphere. We show that these processes are ergodic and
mixing, but find a natural example which does not satisfy detailed balance. In
this example, the expected distribution of the degrees of the nodes seems to
follow the power law
Gamma-Ray Emission from Molecular Clouds Generated by Penetrating Cosmic Rays
We analyze the processes governing cosmic-ray (CR) penetration into molecular
clouds and the resulting generation of gamma-ray emission. The density of CRs
inside a cloud is depleted at lower energies due to the self-excited MHD
turbulence. The depletion depends on the effective gas column density ("size")
of the cloud. We consider two different environments where the depletion effect
is expected to be observed. For the Central Molecular Zone, the expected range
of CR energy depletion is GeV, leading to the depletion of
gamma-ray flux below GeV. This effect can be important for
the interpretation of the GeV gamma-ray excess in the Galactic Center, which
has been revealed from the standard model of CR propagation (assuming the CR
spectrum inside a cloud to be equal to the interstellar spectrum). Furthermore,
recent observations of some local molecular clouds suggest the depletion of the
gamma-ray emission, indicating possible self-modulation of the penetrating
low-energy CRs.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Nonmonotonic energy harvesting efficiency in biased exciton chains
We theoretically study the efficiency of energy harvesting in linear exciton
chains with an energy bias, where the initial excitation is taking place at the
high-energy end of the chain and the energy is harvested (trapped) at the other
end. The efficiency is characterized by means of the average time for the
exciton to be trapped after the initial excitation. The exciton transport is
treated as the intraband energy relaxation over the states obtained by
numerically diagonalizing the Frenkel Hamiltonian that corresponds to the
biased chain. The relevant intraband scattering rates are obtained from a
linear exciton-phonon interaction. Numerical solution of the Pauli master
equation that describes the relaxation and trapping processes, reveals a
complicated interplay of factors that determine the overall harvesting
efficiency. Specifically, if the trapping step is slower than or comparable to
the intraband relaxation, this efficiency shows a nonmonotonic dependence on
the bias: it first increases when introducing a bias, reaches a maximum at an
optimal bias value, and then decreases again because of dynamic (Bloch)
localization of the exciton states. Effects of on-site (diagonal) disorder,
leading to Anderson localization, are addressed as well.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Journal of Chemical Physic
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